Identifikasi Salmonella typhi Menggunakan Kultur dan Pewarnaan Gram di Pemandian Air Panas Bora Sigi
Identification of Salmonella typhi Using Culture and Gram Staining at the Bora Sigi Hot Springs
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51888/phj.v16i2.382Keywords:
Salmonella typhi, kultur bakteri, pewarnaan gram, pemandian air panas bora sigiAbstract
Pemandian air panas merupakan ekosistem yang memungkinkan pertumbuhan mikroorganisme, termasuk Salmonella typhi, bakteri patogen penyebab demam tifoid yang ditularkan melalui jalur fekal-oral. Lingkungan pemandian air panas dapat menjadi media potensial kontaminasi apabila kebersihan tidak terjaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi keberadaan Salmonella typhi pada air kolam Pemandian Air Panas Bora Sigi melalui pemeriksaan kultur dan morfologi bakteri. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif eksploratif dengan populasi penelitian adalah mikroorganisme pada air kolam pemandian air panas Bora dan sampel air diambil pada tiga titik kolam dan tiga waktu berbeda (total sembilan sampel). Identifikasi dilakukan melalui kultur pada media nutrient agar dengan metode pour plate dan pengamatan mikroskopis menggunakan pewarnaan gram sebagai instrumen identifikasi morfologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan koloni dengan ciri sel berbentuk batang (basil), menyebar, dan berwarna merah yang menandakan bakteri Gram negatif yang sesuai karakteristik Salmonella typhi. Dari total 30 isolat yang berhasil diperoleh, 4 isolat (13,3%) teridentifikasi sebagai Salmonella typhi. Air pada beberapa titik kolam di Pemandian Air Panas Bora Sigi terindikasi terkontaminasi bakteri patogen seperti Salmonella typhi sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan risiko penularan. Diperlukan pemantauan kualitas air secara rutin, peningkatan sanitasi lingkungan, serta edukasi bagi pengunjung untuk menjaga kebersihan di area pemandian.
Hot springs are ecosystems that allow the growth of microorganisms, including Salmonella typhi, a pathogenic bacterium that causes typhoid fever transmitted through the fecal-oral route. The hot spring environment can be a potential medium for contamination if hygiene is not maintained. This study aims to identify the presence of Salmonella typhi in the water of the Bora Sigi Hot Springs through bacterial culture and morphology examination. This study used an exploratory descriptive design with a research population consisting of microorganisms in the water of the Bora hot springs. Water samples were taken at three points in the pool and at three different times (a total of nine samples). Identification was carried out through culture on nutrient agar media using the pour plate method and microscopic observation using Gram staining as an instrument for morphological identification. The results of the study showed colony growth with rod-shaped cells (basil), spreading, and red in color, indicating Gram-negative bacteria consistent with the characteristics of Salmonella typhi. Of the total 30 isolates obtained, 4 isolates (13.3%) were identified as Salmonella typhi. Water at several points in the Bora Sigi Hot Springs was indicated to be contaminated with pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella typhi, posing a potential risk of transmission. Regular monitoring of water quality, improved environmental sanitation, and education for visitors on maintaining cleanliness in the bathing area are required.
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